Imperialism in China

From 1839 to 1842, China fought what we now call the "Opium Wars" with Britain.The British opium trade in China started the world’s very first drug war, in the 19th centuryOpium is a preparation made from the juice of poppy seedpods, and used to produce heroinn the 15th century, when opium was first introduced to China, it was used as medicine to treat diseases such as dysentery, cholera, as well as diarrhea. Most of the opium came from india or turkey. Chinese authorities tried to stop the growing import trade in opium.Most of the imports of opium to China was strictly forbidden. Despite this restriction, the opium trade continued to grow. Privately owned vessels of many countries, including the United States, made huge profits from the growing number of Chinese addicts of the black market. But china gave them tea and it had become a very popular drink in Great Britain. China would have rather not traded with the British at all, but they were willing to sell the British tea only if they used the port in Canton.The British had to use gold and silver because China was a self-sufficient country and the Chinese did not want or need anything from Great Britain or any other foreign countries.When the British couldn’t find any other products to export to China, they decided to bring in opium mixed with tobacco to promote opium smoking. Around the same time as the opium trade went on, the Chinese ended up spending most of their money on the drug. China began to fall moneywise. Which lead to the opium wars.

When the Chinese government discovered the British smuggling opium into China to sell, they didn't take it very well.Lin Tse-Hsua, an imperial commissioner, wrote a letter to Queen Victoria of England arguing that if the opium had harmful effects that Britain had to make opium trading and consumption illegal in England, then why was England exporting such harmful products to other countries. The problem was that it was never delivered into the hands of the queen.But it angered British officials in China who felt that it challenged their power.The trade of opium also started to destroy the way the original trade order of China was ran . After a while, China finally decided to get rid of all the opuim they had. The British got angry and decided to have their army surround China. China wanted to beat the british, but they failed anyway. The british destroyed them easily becuase they weapons and technology was far more advanced then theirs. Since china was basically out of money, they had nothing to make better weapons for their army. Wanting not to lose tier pride, they made a treaty with the british called " The Treaty of Tianjin"The British forced China to sign this treaty by burning up the imperial summer palace, also known as the Yuan Ming Yuan.Under the Treaty of Tianjin, China had to open up eleven more ports to foreign trade that made the trade better.

"Mountains of the Moon"

European explorers had went to Africa to find the source of the Nile River. To find out the source of the river, they decided to walk through the middle of Africa in to find the source near Africa's center. But it was a very hard to accomplish . To find the source, they decided to walk the whole way there. Based on Africa's terrain, it seemed like a very bad idea. The men had to carry all their heavy supplies by foot. They had ran into the local tribes in the area. Their camp was ambushed by a whole bunch of people from a tribe and alot of people was killed.Alot of people people died of fatigue and disease. Some also died of diseases, such as milarea . The strange thing about lake victoria is that its in the middle of Africa and it was named after the English queen. who happens to be more then a thousand miles away. The primary technological advantage the Europeans had over the Africans was the guns. The Europeans could easily wipe out the Africans.It was guns against spears. The Africans didn't stand a chance. Another reason the Europeans easily took over Africa was that the tribes were not unified. they were easy to be killed while thay were divided.

imperialism Project

We did the imperialism Project to understand imperialism more. Imperialism is when one country tries to take over another country to gain control over their economy. Imperialism refers to the colonial expansion adopted by Europe's powers. Later adopted by japan and the united states during the 19th and early 20th centuries; expansion approximately took place from the Franco-Prussian War to World War I. We learned that trade was very important to the colonies. That if it wasnt for the trade routes over water, some goods would be harder to trade and some wouldn't be able to be traded at all. I also noticed that alot of countries had colonies in different places. Like England, it had colonies all over the world. They owned land in North America, Africa, and Asia.

Karl Marx and Communism

Karl Marx, but his ideas changed Russian history. During the Industrial revolution,he saw the treatment of the workers in Europe. Conditions in Europe factories were really disgusting and unsafe. After seeing all this, he came up with an socioeconomic structure called communism.According to Marx, Capitalism contained the seeds of its own destruction. He said that people should be treated equally, especially when it came to pay. No one got a different amount of pay then another and there was no different kinds of social class. Everything was owned by the government and people had to share everything with each other. The people weren't even allowed to own a private house. Thats basically what Communism was.He saw the workers as the good guys, and the landlords as the bad guys. Karl Marx said that communism would be the last stage in human society, which would be achieved through a proletarian revolution and only becoming possible after a socialist stage develops the productive forces, leading to a huge amount of goods and services.

Karl Marx and The Industrial Revolution

Karl Marx was a German and. his ideas changed Russian history. He was born in May 5, 1818 and had died in March 14, 1883. He was philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist,communist and revolutionary. Marx was so surprised and disheartened by the treatment of workers in Europe. Conditions in European factories were very Terrible,disgusting and very unsafe. Marx felt that people who worked at the factories, rather than landlords, should control factories , farms and argued about it. He urged the workers of the world to unite in a worldwide revolution.Marx argued that capitalism, like previous socioeconomic systems, will produce internal tensions which will lead to its destruction sooner or later Marx's ideas were known as Communism, a word formed for common. Workers would share wealth in a communist society. He believed that socialism will, replace capitalism, and lead to a stateless, classless society called pure communism.He spoke his idea if communism constantly and he was finally able to persuade leaders to adopt to the ways communism for years. His idea of communism was equal to the idea of a utopia which was a perfect world. He said that people should be treated equally when it came to pay, having houses (no private homes) and social classes. Everything was owned by the government and people basically had to share everything.

Nationalism and the Creation of Italy

Nationalism is a big part of the United States and every other place in the world. Nationalism is technically belonging to, rooting for, and fighting for, your own country. You can also say it is one's love for their country. Some of the things that contribute to nationalism is the people sharing the same language, and having a common culture. Also, things like having common currency and similar religion. Its also the belief that people shouldn't be ruled by a king or an empire nor should they put their trust and loyalty in them. That their trust and loyalty should go to a nation of people that they have things in common like language,beliefs,culture,history and other things like that. One way that i express nationalism is the way i dress. I dress like fellow american children. The food i eat is also an example and how i eat it as in with a certain utensil like a fork.

Because of nationalism, a lot of empires were destroyed. But it also help built up nations as well.Italy was one of the countries to form from the territory of crumbling empiresin 1815, Austria ruled the italian provinces of Venetia and Lombardy in the north, and several small states between 1815 and 1848. The numbers of Italians that were didn't approve of living under foreign rulers anymore started to increase. They were tired of being ruled by people who wasn't even one of them. Among the growing numbers of the Italians who didn't approve were two leaders that appeared. One was idealistic, the other practical. The one who was idealistic wasThey had different personalities and aimed for different goals. But both of then helped bring the. unification of Italy.

Simon Bolivar and Latin American

The reason why Simon bolivar was famous because he was one of South America's greatest generals.He played a a big part in Latin America's successful struggle for independence from Spain. His victories over the Spaniards won independence for Bolivia, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. After a certain amount of time he was in a great position of power. He was president of Colombia, dictator of Peru, and president of the newly created Bolivia, a region that use to be called Upper Peru in colonial times and had once belonged to the Viceroyalty of La Plata.This new country honored Bolívar in its choice of name, and he made its first constitution,which only lasted 2 years.

What influenced him in his quest for revolution was the trips that he took. Once the French Revolution was over, he went to France to see how the new government was doing things and how they were doing in governing the people. He saw that it was doing better then it was before. When he was done visiting France, he had wanted to see the United States were running things. He also saw that the government was doing very well. When he was done with his travels, he decided to go back to his people and told them how their government could be better. Then they started to think how their government was ran and how their king was french and not even spanish. Then the people people in his country decided to have a revolution like the french and americans and they fought for their independence. After a lot of battles they finally won their freedom from the spanish. Then after that he helped country after country win their independence from spain in till all of latin america was free.

John locke and "The Enlightenment"

The one who wrote the Constitution was called Thomas Jefferson . In the Constitution, thomas Jefferson included many rights and that all people in the U.S. should be treated equally . A long time ago , our country was ruled a monarchy which is ruled by king and queen. Most of the kings that ruled were very bad kings indeed. After a while the people couldn't take it anymore and desired a change in how things were being ruled . After the people finally revolted and overthrew the government, they created a new and greater government. The government is what we now call a democracy . A big percentage of the rights that Thomas had put in the constitution is that the government must be able to protect its citizens. They are responsible if anyone gets hurt,sick or worse. responsible for things that happened in the country like a expected or unexpected attack. Or just an epidemic. Another right would be that people who are accused of a crime, guilty or not, have to have a chance to defend themselves in a trail . If someone gets accused for a crime they did not commit or did commit, they cant be sent to jail immediately unless the verdict is guilty . all these rights put on the Constitution would be very helpful to the people of America which helps them seem equal.

Depending on what kind of government it is, depends on were it gets it power from. A government like monarchy came from the king and him only. A government like a democracy comes from different people. In America its broken up into different departments. One department was The Executive Branch of the Government has the President, Vice President, and all the cabinet members. The President is allowed to pass or veto a bill that the legislature sends him. Another one is the Legislative branch. There are 435 representatives and 100 senators all together there are 535 members of Congress.So they can be sent to the senator then to the Representatives and finally to the president. Who can veto or sign it. Then there is the Judicial Branch is in charge of the court system. There are three different kinds of courts found in the federal court system. The lowest level is the district courts. The 2nd level is the court of appeals. The top level is the Supreme Court. Then lastly is the people of America who vote on who becomes the president and alot other positions in the government

copernicus and trial of galileo

One of the theories of the solar system was the geocentric theory. It was also called the Ptolemaic worldview. The belief in this system was common in ancient Greece. It was commonly accepted at the time. The theory was that the earth was the center of the universe and other planets and stars go around it. It was embraced by Ancient Greek philosophers called Aristotle and Ptolemy. They believed that the Sun,Moon, stars, and naked eye planets revolve around the Earth.

After this time, the geocentric theory was proved wrong. it was proved wrong by heliocentric theory.It proved that the earth wasn't the center of the universe. It proved that the sun was the center of the universe and that all the planets and the stars revolve around the sun. Scientists started to believed this when they started to notice that the sun and the moon were slowly changing their posotions every day. it wasn't until 1,800 years later, in the 16th century, that the Polish mathematician and astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus showed a fully predictive mathematical model of a heliocentric system. Later in time, it was explained and extended by Johannes Kepler.

Many years ago, there was a man who played a big role in the scientist revolution. He was an

Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher. he was the one who made improvements to the telescope Galileo was put to trial because he published a book of his observations of heliocentrism. The church including the Pope Urban who was the leader, believed in the geocentric theory because they felt that is what the word of God was telling them. Galileo tried to prove to them that his theories he found out through his observations , that his theory was precise and that they were wrong but it was quickly rejected because it was against the word of GOD. He gave up on it because he realized he couldn't win and the court put him in house arrest even thought people wanted to put in in jail and torture him. In the end, he died in his house and many years later the church figured out that he was right and they were wrong and they eventually apologized

Scientific Revolution: The Scientific Method

The scientific method was used to correct or improve a idea or previous knowledge. it was also used to bring forth the truth out of the lies and delusion. in regards to being scientific ,methods of inquiry or the seeking of information by questioning must be based on gathering observable,provable or verifiable information experience or experiment, and measurable evidence that is subject to certain principles of reasoning. scientific methods has to have a good amount of information / data through observations and experimenting. it also needs to have a good hypothesis.

One example of a scientific method of the scientific revolution was during the ancient greeks time, there was a a Greek philosopher called Aristotle. he was a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great . he had a theory that heavy objects fell faster than lighter objects. at the time a lot of people believed him. but this was in till he was proved wrong . a young Italian named Galileo tested his theory. According to legend, he went up to the Leaning Tower of Pisa and dropped stones of different of different size and weight to the ground. He proved that was Aristotle wrong and proved something else through his experimenting. objects of different weights fall at the same speed.

Evolution vs. Creation

Evolution basically is the change of the genetic material in a population of organisms from one generation to the next. One of the things needed for evolution to take place is time. The population needs time to live and to adapt to the enviornment in case it changes. Some organisms in a population last long because they can camouflage. it allows then to avoid predators and give them time to reproduce to extend there population. Reproduction is also important for evolution because not only it makes the population bigger, it allows new combinations of genes that is produced by genetic recombination, which can increase variation between organisms. Adapting also helps because when a organism adapts, it gains new characteristics to survive in the changed or changing environment. which can led to physical changes also.

Creation is refered to religious assumptions based on belief that every thing including mankind,earth and everything in the universe including the universe itself. The people who follows a religion believe that everything was made by a God or a god or just some one with supernatural power. For example, christians believe that every thing was created by God, that there was nothing in the world and he made every thing in the world in seven days. In japanese religion, God Izanagi and Goddess Izanami were married to each other. Izanami could give birth to anything. One day she created the island of Japan. Izanami died when she gave birth to the god of fire from deadly burns during labor. By then she had given birth to 14 islands and 35 gods.So as as you can see, creation goes against science 100%

As a Christian, i believe in what other christians believe in. that the world was made the the one and only God in seven days. I believe in my religion, but also believe in evolution because for the amount of time the earth has been around, the animals who have ancestors that go way back to the beginning had to adapt. Like the cockroach , its believed to go way back till the prehistoric time along with the dinosaurs. Some of the evidence they have is fossils that strongly resemble them. so since there still around today, they had to adapt to there environment to live this long.